21_april

April 21 is the 111th day of the year (112th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 254 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 753 BC - Romulus and Remus found Rome (traditional).
• 43 BC - Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Although Antony fails to capture Mutina, Decimus Brutus is murdered shortly afterwards.
• 1509 - Henry VIII ascends the throne of England (unofficially) at the death of his father, Henry VII
• 1792 - Tiradentes, a revolutionary who was leading a movement for Brazil\'s independence, is hanged and quartered.
• 1836 - Texas Revolution: Battle of San Jacinto – Republic of Texas forces under Sam Houston defeat troops under Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna.
• 1863 - Bahá\'u\'lláh declares his mission as "He whom God shall make manifest". Considered the founder of the Bahá\'í Faith.
• 1894 - Norway formally adopts the Krag-Jørgensen rifle as the main arm of its armed forces, a weapon that would remain in service for almost 50 years.
• 1898 - Spanish-American War: The U.S. Congress, on April 25, recognizes that a state of war exists between the United States and Spain as of this date.
• 1918 - World War I: German fighter ace Manfred von Richthofen, known as "The Red Baron", is shot down and killed over Vaux sur Somme in France.
• 1930 - A fire at a penitentiary in Columbus, Ohio, kills 320 people.
• 1944 - Women in France receive the right to vote.
• 1945 - World War II: Soviet Union forces south of Berlin at Zossen attack the German High Command headquarters.
• 1952 - Secretary\'s Day (now Administrative Professionals\' Day) is first celebrated.
• 1960 - Brasília, Brazil\'s capital, is officially inaugurated. At 9:30 am the Three Powers of the Republic are simultaneously transferred from the old capital, Rio de Janeiro.
• 1960 - Founding of the Orthodox Bahá\'í Faith in Washington, DC.
• 1962 - The Seattle World\'s Fair (Century 21 Exposition) opens. It is the first World\'s Fair in the U.S. since World War II. [1]
• 1963 - The Universal House of Justice of the Bahá\'í Faith is elected for the first time.
• 1965 - The 1964-1965 New York World\'s Fair opens for its second and final season.
• 1966 - Rastafari movement: Haile Selassie of Ethiopia visits Jamaica, an event now celebrated as Grounation Day.
• 1967 - A few days before the general election in Greece, Colonel George Papadopoulos leads a coup d\'état, establishing a military regime that lasts for seven years.
• 1970 - The Hutt River Province Principality secedes from Australia
• 1975 - Vietnam War: President of South Vietnam Nguyen Van Thieu flees Saigon, as Xuan Loc, the last South Vietnamese outpost blocking a direct North Vietnamese assault on Saigon, falls.
• 1982 - Rollie Fingers of the Milwaukee Brewers becomes the first pitcher to record 300 saves.
• 1987 - The Tamil Tigers are blamed for a car bomb that explodes in the Sri Lankan capital of Colombo, killing 106 people.
• 1989 - Tiananmen Square Protests of 1989: In Beijing, around 100,000 students gather in Tiananmen Square to commemorate Chinese reform leader Hu Yaobang.
• 1994 - The first discoveries of extrasolar planets are announced by astronomer Alexander Wolszczan.

Births

• 1555 - Ludovico Carracci, Italian painter (d. 1619)
• 1651 - Blessed Joseph Vaz, Apostle of Ceylon (d. 1711)
• 1652 - Michel Rolle, French mathematician (d. 1719)
• 1671 - John Law, Scottish economist (d. 1729)
• 1673 - Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick, Holy Roman Empire Empress (d. 1742)
• 1713 - Louis, 4th duc de Noailles, Marshal of France (d. 1793)
• 1729 - Empress Catherine II of Russia (d. 1796)
• 1767 - Elisabeth of Württemberg, Empress consort of the Holy Roman Empire (d. 1790)
• 1774 - Jean-Baptiste Biot, French physicist (d. 1862)
• 1775 - Alexander Anderson, American illustrator (d. 1870)
• 1810 - John Putnam Chapin, American politician (d. 1864)
• 1811 - Alson Sherman, American politician (d. 1903)
• 1814 - Angela Georgina Burdett-Coutts, English philanthropist (d. 1906)
• 1816 - Charlotte Brontë, English author (d. 1855)
• 1837 - Fredrik Bajer, Danish politician, Nobel laureate (d. 1922)
• 1838 - John Muir, American environmentalist (d. 1914)
• 1851 - Charles Barrois, French geologist (d. 1939)
• 1854 - William Stang, Roman Catholic Bishop (d. 1907)
• 1864 - Max Weber, German economist and sociologist (d. 1920)
• 1870 - Edwin S. Porter, American film pioneer (d. 1941)
• 1879 - Kartini, Indonesian national figure (d. 1904)
• 1882 - Percy Williams Bridgman, American physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 1961)
• 1887 - Joe McCarthy, American baseball manager (d. 1978)
• 1889 - Paul Karrer, Swiss chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1971)
• 1896 - Henry de Montherlant, French novelist and essayist (d. 1972)
• 1905 - Pat Brown, American politician (d. 1996)
• 1911 - Ivan Combe, American inventor (d. 2000)
• 1912 - Marcel Camus, French film director (d. 1982)
• 1914 - Norman Panama, American screenwriter (d. 2003)
• 1915 - Anthony Quinn, Mexican-born actor (d. 2001)
• 1919 - Don Cornell, American singer (d. 2004)
• 1920 - Edmund Adamkiewicz, German footballer (d. 1991)
• 1920 - Ronald Magill, British actor (d. 2007)
• 1922 - Alistair MacLean, Scottish author (d. 1987)
• 1923 - John Mortimer, English barrister and writer
• 1926 - Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
• 1926 - Arthur Rowley, English Footballer (d. 2002)
• 1927 - Gerald Flood, British actor (d. 1989)
• 1930 - Silvana Mangano, Italian actress (d. 1989)
• 1932 - Elaine May, American comedian
• 1935 - Charles Grodin, American actor
• 1935 - Thomas Kean, former Governor of New Jersey and 9/11 Commission Chairman
• 1936 - James Dobson, American evangelist
• 1938 - Ernie Maresca, American singer, songwriter and record executive
• 1939 - Helen Prejean, American writer
• 1944 - Adrian Hurley, Australian basketball coach
• 1945 - Diana Darvey, British actress, singer and dancer (d. 2000)
• 1947 - Iggy Pop, American musician (The Stooges)
• 1947 - John Weider, British rock musician (Eric Burdon and the Animals, Family)
• 1948 - Gary Condit, American politician
• 1948 - Paul Davis, American singer
• 1949 - Patti LuPone, American singer and actress
• 1951 - Tony Danza, American actor and comedian
• 1951 - Michael Hartley Freedman, American mathematician
• 1951 - Robert Gotobed, English drummer (Wire)
• 1951 - Steve Vickers, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1954 - James Morrison, American actor
• 1954 - Ebiet G. Ade, Indonesian singer
• 1956 - Phillip Longman, American demographer
• 1958 - Edward Leslie, American professional wrestler
• 1958 - Andie MacDowell, American actress
• 1958 - Michael S. Zarnock, American author/columnist/Guinness World Record Holder
• 1958 - Yoshito Usui, Japanese manga artist
• 1959 - Robert Smith, British musician (The Cure)
• 1959 - Jerry Only, American musician (The Misfits)
• 1959 - Michael Timmins, Canadian musician (Cowboy Junkies)
• 1959 - Steve Collins, English businessman Phoenix Metal Finishers
• 1960 - Michel Goulet, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1962 - Les Lancaster, American baseball player
• 1963 - Ken Caminiti, American baseball player (d. 2004)
• 1963 - Roy Dupuis, Canadian actor
• 1963 - John Cameron Mitchell, American film director
• 1964 - Ludmila Engquist, Russian-born Swedish athlete
• 1964 - Alex Baumann, Canadian Olympic swimmer
• 1965 - Ed Belfour, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1965 - Karen Foster, American model (Playboy)
• 1966 - Michael Franti, American musician
• 1969 - Robin Meade, American reporter
• 1970 - Rob Riggle, American comedian
• 1970 - Nicole Sullivan, American actress
• 1970 - Glen Hansard, Irish song-writer/actor
• 1971 - Alexander Kravchenko, Russian professional poker player
• 1971 - Eric Mabius, American actor
• 1971 - Michael Turner, American comic book artist
• 1972 - Severina Vučković, Croatian singer
• 1972 - Gwendal Peizerat, French ice dancer
• 1977 - Jamie Salé, Canadian figure skater
• 1978 - Jacob Burns, Australian footballer
• 1978 - Jukka Nevalainen, Finnish drummer (Nightwish)
• 1978 - Branden Steineckert, American drummer (Rancid, formerly of The Used)
• 1979 - Doseone, American rapper
• 1979 - James McAvoy, Scottish actor
• 1980 - Vincent Lecavalier, Canadian hockey player
• 1980 - Tony Romo, American football player
• 1981 - Stephanie Larimore, American model
• 1982 - Carnell "Cadillac" Williams, American football player
• 1983 - Paweł Brożek, Polish footballer
• 1984 - Eric Devendorf, American basketball player
• 1986 - Audra Cohen, American tennis player
• 1986 - Alexander Edler, Swedish hockey player
• 1987 - Nadif Chowdhury, Bangladeshi cricketer
• 1988 - Pedro Mosquera, Spanish footballer
• 1988 - Robbie Amell, Canadian actor
• 2007 - Princess Isabella of Denmark

Deaths

• 1073 - Pope Alexander II
• 1109 - Anselm of Canterbury, Archbishop of Canterbury
• 1142 - Pierre Abélard, French writer (b. 1079)
• 1329 - Frederick IV, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1282)
• 1509 - King Henry VII of England (b. 1457)
• 1551 - Oda Nobuhide, Japanese warlord (b. 1510)
• 1557 - Petrus Apianus, German mathematician (b. 1495)
• 1574 - Cosimo I de\' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1519)
• 1699 - Jean Racine, French dramatist (b. 1639)
• 1701 - Asano Naganori, Japanese warlord (b. 1667)
• 1719 - Philippe de la Hire, French mathematician and historian (b. 1640)
• 1720 - Antoine Hamilton, French writer (b. 1646)
• 1722 - Robert Beverley, Jr., historian of Colonial Virginia (b. 1673)
• 1792 - Tiradentes, Brazilian revolutionary (b. 1746)
• 1793 - John Michell, English seismologist (b. 1724)
• 1815 - Joseph Winston, U.S. Congressman from North Carolina (b. 1746)
• 1825 - Johann Friedrich Pfaff, German mathemattician (b. 1765)
• 1852 - Ivan Nabokov, Russian general (b. 1787)
• 1868 - Henry James O\'Farrell, Australian would-be assassin of Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh
• 1910 - Mark Twain, American author and humorist (b. 1835)
• 1918 - Manfred von Richthofen, German pilot (b. 1892)
• 1924 - Eleonora Duse, Italian actress (b. 1858)
• 1930 - Robert Bridges, English poet (b. 1844)
• 1938 - Allama Iqbal, Indian philosopher and poet (b. 1877)
• 1945 - Walter Model, German field marshal (b. 1891)
• 1946 - John Maynard Keynes, English economist (b. 1883)
• 1956 - Charles MacArthur, American writer (b. 1895)
• 1965 - Edward Victor Appleton, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892)
• 1971 - François "Papa Doc" Duvalier, Haitian dictator (b. 1907)
• 1973 - Arthur Fadden, thirteenth Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1894)
• 1977 - Gummo Marx, American actor and comedian (b. 1892)
• 1978 - Sandy Denny, British vocalist (b. 1947)
• 1978 - Thomas Wyatt Turner, American civil rights advocate and agricultural engineer (b. 1877)
• 1980 - Aleksandr Oparin, Russian biochemist (b. 1894)
• 1980 - Sohrab Sepehri, Persian poet and painter (b. 1928)
• 1983 - Walter Slezak, Austrian actor (b. 1902)
• 1985 - Rudi Gernreich, Austrian fashion designer (b. 1922)
• 1985 - Foster Hewitt, Canadian radio pioneer (b. 1902)
• 1985 - Tancredo de Almeida Neves, Brazil banker and elected president (b. 1910)
• 1986 - Salah Jaheen, Egyptian poet and cartoonist (b.1930)
• 1989 - Princess Dukhye of Korea (b. 1912)
• 1990 - Erté, French artist (b. 1892),
• 1991 - Willi Boskovsky, Austrian violinist and conductor (b. 1909)
• 1996 - Dzhokhar Dudaev, Chechen leader (b. 1944)
• 1996 - Jimmy "The Greek" Snyder, American bookie and sports broadcaster (b. 1919)
• 1999 - Charles \'Buddy\' Rogers, American actor and musician (b. 1904)
• 2000 - Neal Matthews, Jr., American singer (b. 1929)
• 2003 - Nina Simone, American singer and pianist (b. 1933)
• 2004 - Mary McGrory, American journalist (b. 1918)
• 2005 - Gerry Marshall, British racing driver (b. 1941)
• 2006 - T.K. Ramakrishnan, Indian politician (b. 1922)
• 2006 - Telê Santana, Brazilian football manager (b. 1931)
• 2007 - Lobby Loyde, Australian guitarist and songwriter (b. 1941)

Holidays and observances

• Bahá\'í Faith - First day of the festival of Ridván.
• Roman Empire - the Parilia was held in honor of Pales.
• Rome - city birthday.
• Tiradentes - Brazil.
• Grounation Day in Rastafari movement.
• San Jacinto Day - Texas state holiday.
• Aggie Muster at Texas A&M University.

Liturgical feasts

• Holy Infant of Good Health
• Saint Abdecalas
• Saint Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury
• Saint Anastasius I
• Saint Konrad von Parzham
• Saint Wolbodo

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

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